Can agriculture in the Philippines support the future demands of an ever-increasing populace given that its main resource--land--is relatively fixed? Does the utilization pattern of its current agricultural resources support the Philippines' bid to increase rural incomes and alleviate poverty? And does the pattern take into consideration the matter of comparative advantages and effective support services? In the end, can the Philippines compete with its neighboring competitors in terms of agricultural production and efficiency levels given its resource utilization pattern? These are some of the critical issues being addressed in this Policy Notes.