Twenty-five years after the Alma Ata Declaration for Primary Health Care, its principles and elements are revisited in the light of the pursuit for health sector reforms in a devolved healthcare system in the Philippines. Conceptual issues persist even as there is a reaffirmation of the importance of PHC in attaining "health for all". The respective roles of the national government, local governments, civil society, academe and international health agencies are reviewed while policy issues that impact on integrated health development and health human resource development are identified. Finally, policy directions and recommendations are proposed based on consensus points.