The Philippine Competition Act of 2015 is a product of decades of legislative labors to establish a competition regime apropos to prevailing social and economic conditions. This paper examines the narrow construct of the law that it superseded and the US and EU jurisprudence that informed its provisions. While it embodies the best practices in detecting and punishing anti-competitive practices, it is still confronted with numerous implementation challenges, among which is applying per se and rule of reason standards in adjudicating cases