One of the most notable foreign policy decisions China has made under the leadership of Xi Jinping was the Belt and Road Initiative, which has spanned the entire Eurasian continent and Africa. In addition, the world is also seeing a more powerful China with increasing proactiveness in key aspects of international life under Xi, characterizing a new generation of Chinese leadership. Xi's proactive approach in the international stage is in accordance with his vision of China's rise to the center of global economic life and in playing a bigger role in global governance. To better understand and explain China's series of bold foreign policy moves under Xi, this study seeks to explore what the Xi administration inherited from the previous Chinese leaderships and where it has deviated in terms of foreign policy decision-making and implementation instruments. It goes further to explore the possible rationale behind such continuity and change. It argues that it is the interplay of both the external and internal sources of China's foreign policy that has contributed to explaining the change and continuity in China's foreign policy under the Xi administration.