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Trade Liberalization and Pollution: Evidence from the Philippines


The paper assesses the impact of trade reforms in the Philippines on pollution using CGE model simulations and two industry case studies on sugar milling and refining and cement manufacturing. Generally, trade reform is output augmenting and welfare improving. The overall impact on pollution is very small. Output taxes to reduce pollution are ineffective. They wipe out the potential gain from trade reforms. The case studies support the simulation results. Trade liberalization leads to more competition, improvements in efficiency, and increased foreign investment. All this increased environmental awareness. It accelerated the promotion and production of good environmental systems and adoption of ISO standards.

Citations

This publication has been cited time(s).

  1. Coxhead, Ian, 2002 "Development and the environment in Asia: A survey of recent literature" , University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics

  2. Coxhead, Ian A., 2002 "Development and the environment in Asia: A survey of recent literature" , University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics

  3. Hung, Pham Thai, Bui Anh Tuan, and Nguyen The Chinh, 2016 "The impact of trade liberalization on industrial pollution: Empirical evidence from Vietnam" , Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA)

  4. Coxhead, Ian and Sisira Jayasuriya, 2003 "Trade, liberalization, resource degradation and industrial pollution in developing countries: An integrated analysis" , University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics

  5. Coxhead, Ian and Sisira Jayasuriya, 2003 "Trade liberalization, resource degradation and industrial pollution in developing countries: An integrated analysis" , The University of Melbourne

  6. Coxhead, Ian A. and Sisira Jayasuriya, 2003 "Trade, liberalization, resource degradation and industrial pollution in developing countries: An integrated analysis" , University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics

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Jul 07, 2013