The Philippine rail transport system has long suffered from underdevelopment, and congestion, The Philippine rail transport system has long suffered from underdevelopment, congestion, and inefficiency, exacerbated by rapid urbanization and insufficient investment in infrastructure. This study examines the current state of the railway sector, highlighting its historical decline, ongoing modernization efforts, and the challenges it faces, including right-of-way issues, budget constraints, and inadequate interconnectivity. Government initiatives, such as the 30-Year Railway Master Plan and major projects like the MetroManila Subway and North-South Commuter Railway, aim to revitalize the sector, reduce road congestion, and promote sustainable mobility. However, regulatory reforms, improved funding mechanisms, and strategic urban planning are necessary to ensure long-term success.
The research underscores the importance of rail transport in alleviating traffic congestion, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and fostering economic growth. It discusses key policy recommendations, including amendments to right-of-way laws, the establishment of a Philippine Railway Regulatory Authority, and the adoption of transport-oriented development principles. By addressing these issues, the Philippines can create a more efficient and integrated rail network that supports sustainable urban development and enhances the quality of life for its citizens.