Climate change and climate variability are among the top issues facing the world today. They pose real threats to the environment and to human systems specifically agricultural production, biodiversity, and health, among others (IPCC, 2007). Extreme climatic events such as typhoons that are becoming more frequent and destructive, prolonged wet and dry seasons, and increased incidence of disease and pest outbreaks negatively affect agricultural production systems, leading to food and livelihood shortages – consequently threatening food and environmental security.
