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Disaster-Resilient Community with Effective Flood-Risk Reduction and Management Measures: The Case of Selected Barangays (Jesus Dela Peña and Santa Elena) in Marikina City, Philippines


Comparing the two (2) natural disasters such as geophysical disasters (i.e., earthquakes, tsunamis, dry mass land movements, and volcanic eruptions) with the climate- or weather-related disasters (hydrometeorological disasters) (i.e., flood, storms, and heatwaves), the former remain constant from the year 1996-2015, while the latter are continuously increasing and human actions are enhancing the effect of such disasters. This second category disaster has been causing much human death from the very beginning, but the study by EM-DAT (2017) shows that after the year 2006 until 2015, the absolute number of the casualties has been reduced because the middle-income countries are now more focused on preparedness and response. The memorable flooding event in 2009, Typhoon Ondoy (International name: Ketsana) caused the loss of approximately US43.6 million and millions of people were homeless in Metro manila. This flood case was the flash flood which occurred within the 6-hour time period of rain and caused the river to overflow with high surface run-off. In this flood event, the Marikina City 60% land area was under the flood for seven (7) days. By that time, both Marikina City and Metro Manila were not prepared enough for that kind of event. Studies pointed out the major causes of the disastrous event such as degradation of Marikina watershed, deforestation, siltation and dumping of the solid waste in the river and creeks, poor planning, poor maintenance of the flood control measures and inadequate early warning system (EWS) and monitoring system. This study mainly focused on achieving the disaster resilient community with the efficient use of the available integrated flood Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) measures in the study areas, Barangay Santa Elena and Barangay Jesus Dela Peña. 


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