The research is motivated by the flood incidence in Bogor City in 2007 and 2009. The main research objective is to determine the flood risk in Bogor City, Indonesia using a community-based perspective. This research determined three flood risk components: hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Hazard is a physical component that has a potential impact on the community and its environment and this was identified using the following indicators: frequency, height, and causes of flood. Exposure, which can be defined as people, property, systems, or other elements present in hazard zones that are subject to potential losses, has been determined through the community profile and social condition of the population. Vulnerability is the level of possible loss or injury or damage to humans, objects, buildings, and the environment. Each component was analyzed using the indicators based on the perspective of respondents and data from the government.
The findings of the research showed that more than half of the areas in Bogor City are affected by flood due to high intensity of rainfall, and slope elevation conditions. Most respondents also recognized that the flood problem could also be due to inadequate drainage systems in Bogor City.
As shown in the GIS mapping, Bogor Utara region is highly prone to flood hazard, followed by Tanah Sareal. The total flood damage cost during the flood incidences in 2009 and 2007 amounted to about USD 0.67 million.
The settlement area as a vulnerability component was measured based on the impact of flood on the condition of housing and facilities. As an impact of the floods in 2007 and 2009, the total cost of damage of the 424 affected buildings was estimated to reach USD 0.67 million. For housing condition, the settlement area shows the dominance of semi-permanent building structures that are more vulnerable to flood. Moreover, the research showed that the community spends about USD 1250 for every flood coping activity.