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Maintaining a Competitive Advantage in the Hotel Industry: Emerging Patterns of Employment and Challenges for HRD.. Solis, Susan,. Factors such as globalization and the Asian economic crisis have brought about changes in work and employment in Philippine tourism organizations. With the underlying philosophy that a competitive advantage can be achieved more readily in organizations that are able to assess and adapt to their chan...

Managing Risks and Opportunities of Financial Liberalization and Integration: A Macro-Micro Analysis (Integrative Report). Intal, Ponciano Jr. S.,. The paper examines an overview of the research project “Impacts, Risks and Opportunities of Financial Liberalization and Integration: a Macro-Micro Analysis” focused on four interrelated aspects of the structural and institutional foundations to effective risk management and exploitation of opportun...

Toward the Formulation of a Philippine Position in Resolving Trade and Investment Disputes. Sereno, Lourdes,. The task of finding a negotiating position on dispute settlement for APEC is not an academic matter. For one, the drivers of the move to create APEC, principally Australia and to a lesser extent, the United States, promised the world that APEC would show the way to more dramatic multilateral trade l...

Comparison of Tourism POlicy Frameworks: Philippines and Thailand. Rodolfo, Maria Cherry Lyn S.,. The Arroyo administration has identified tourism as one of the pillars of growth and development. It recognizes that tourism should become truly competitive in attracting visitors, in generating the expected economic benefits, and in pursuing sustainability. This can be achieved as the Philippines...

China’s Economic Growth: Implication to the ASEAN( Integrative Report). Palanca, Ellen,. The rise of China’s economy in the last couple of decades can be attributed to the favorable initial conditions, the market-oriented economic reforms, and good macroeconomic management in the nineties. As China continues to struggle with the problems of its SOEs, its trade and investment volumes hav...

Labor, HRD and Globalization: The Filipino Worker in a Global Economy. Lanzona, Leonardo,. In a world of greater economic integration, strengthening trade linkages, unceasing technological changes and weakening institutions, workers are concerned about their incomes and security in their workplaces. Because of this uncertainty, coupled by large negative reactions against globalization in ...

Continuing Professional Education: Training and Developing Filipino Professionals Amidst Globalization. Udani, Zenon Arthur,. Continuing Professional Education (CPE) in one’s profession is indicative of a person’s genuine concern for his present and future work. Professional associations are one of the avenues through which CPE is realized. Updating members of professional associations on current issues relevant to their f...

Existing and Emerging Regional Trading Arrangements. Tecson, Gwendolyn R.,. This study presents selected existing and emerging Regional Trading Arrangements (RTAs) to show key features of the new regionalism and to determine if they help advance the cause of multilateralism. In its assessment, the study has found that these new RTAs go beyond mere trade in commodities and s...

The Role of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) - Financial Services Agreement (FSA) in the Financial Liberalization Efforts of APEC Economies. Pontines, Victor,. The study evaluated the commitments made by a major sample of APEC member countries in the Financial Services Agreement (FSA) negotiated under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). The study also distinctly analyzed the actual practices in the financial services sector across the same m...

Framework for a New Regionalism. Canlas, Dante B.,. This study examines the various issues that have been brought up in the debate on the question of whether the new regionalism is a stumbling block or a building block toward establishing worldwide economic multilateralism. It reviewed the value of Most Favored Nation (MFN) status as well as some exi...

Philippine Maritime and Nursing Education: Benchmarking with APEC Best Practices. Ramirez, Veronica Esposo,. As the manning capital of the world, the Philippines supplies almost every vessel that sails the seven seas with Filipino marines and marine engineers on board. As the biggest health service provider, almost all hospitals in the US, UK and Saudi Arabia have a Filipino doctor, nurse, medical technol...

Gender and Technology. Ancog, Amelia C.,. The study aims to contribute to the APEC’s efforts in building lessons and literature in science and technology and in micro, cottage and small and medium enterprises. It describes selected researches undertaken by Research and Development Institutes (RDIs) of the Department of Science and Technolog...

International Higher Education: Models, Conditions and Issues. Bernardo, Allan B.I.,. The study was conducted to answer the following questions: (a) What are the various modes and forms of international education in a globalized higher education environment? (b) How ready are Philippine higher education institutions for international education? (c) What is the implication of having t...

The Impact of Liberalization of Foreign Bank Entry on the Philippine Domestic Banking Market. Unite, Angelo A.,. Tabios, Guillermo Q.,. Sullivan, Michael J.,. We use accounting data for Philippine commercial banks over the period covering 1990 through 1998 to investigate how the relaxation of foreign entry regulations affects domestic banks. As part of this analysis, we control for features of ownership structure that are common in many developing econom...

Cooperativism in Agriculture: The Case of Top Four Cooperatives in Region IV, Philippines. Castillo, E.T.,. The study demonstrated the importance of cooperative in improving the welfare of members and community, and in modernizing agriculture in Region IV. Starting from manual operation, the feedmilling operations of LIMCOMA Multi-purpose Cooperative, Soro-soro Ibaba Development Cooperative, and Cavit...

Foreign Bank Entry, Bank Spreads and the Macroeconomic Policy Stance. Manzano, George,. Neri, Emilio Jr. S.,. The Philippine banking industry was opened to (limited) foreign entry in 1994. The liberalization measure was justified on the basis of enhanced competition. While it was observed that foreign bank entry brought about a slight deconcentration in the banking industry, there appears to be no systemati...

Assessment of Physical Resource Capability in Philippine Agriculture. Cabanilla, Liborio S.,. Velasco, Luis Rey I.,. The study assessed Philippine physical resources (i.e., land, water and weather pattern) with focus on rice, corn and coconut production systems. It specifically: 1) described the country's agricultural capabilities and defined boundaries/interactions among resources that influence agricultural prod...

Financial Liberalization and Integration in the APEC Region: Performance and Comparison with Chile and the European Union. Intal, Ponciano Jr. S.,. Pontines, Victor,. Mojica, Jitendra S.,. The paper examines the growing financial integration in the APEC region; reviews the theoretical and analytical perspectives on financial liberalization and integration; discusses the East Asian, Chilean and European Union experiences; and draws lessons and insights on the macroeconomic management o...

Open/Distance Learning and the Changing Labour Market: Toward a Framework for Rethinking Educational Governance Structure. Largoza, Gerardo L.,. The progressive liberalisation of the Philippine economy has produced a domestic labour market characterised by increasing contractualisation and diminished security of tenure. Re-training and continuing education have been suggested as the basis for a viable safety net system. We argue that while...

The Employment Impact of Business-to-Consumer E-Commerce on the Philippine Workers. de Vera, Roberto E.,. Public policy--and private decision--makers who are promoting e-commerce need a study that measures the economic effects of e-commerce in the Philippines, particularly on employment growth and changes in the nature of jobs in the future. It is in this context that this study seeks to estimate the im...

Assessing the Situation of Women Working in CALABARZON. Edralin, Divina M.,. This paper aimed to assess the situation of women working in the CALABARZON in terms of their: (1) recruitment and selection; (2) working conditions; (3) compensation; (4) development; (5) special working conditions; (6) heath, dental, and occupational safety; (7) labor relations; (8) post employmen...

Towards a National Tax Policy for Ecommerce. U, Peter Lee,. The internet has already revolutionized many aspects of modern business and living and promises to bring even more radical future changes. In contrast, tax laws are normally slow to changing realities. This study looks at some of the problems that electronic commerce has posed. However, taxation cov...

Beyond Economic Cooperation:Institution-Building in APEC. Villacorta, Wilfrido,. ...

Achieving Food Security: The Role of and Constraints Faced by LGUs. Cabanilla, Liborio S.,. Implementation of national agricultural development goals was given a different impetus with the enactment of two landmark laws – the Local Government Code (RA 7160) and the Agricultural Fishery Modernization Act of 1997 (RA 8435). This paper is an attempt to understand more clearly, the role of, an...

Human Resource Requirements of the Financial Sector Under a Liberalized Regime. Tullao, Tereso Jr. S.,. Calderon-Kabigting, Leila Y.,. Villanueva, Cheryl,. This study looked at the human resource requirements of the financial sector under a liberalized regime within the (GATS) framework. The study covered the personnel requirements of the banking, stock brokerage and insurance sub-sectors. Using key informants, the study identified the human resource r...

Reactions to the Entry of Foreign Banks. Hapitan, Rene B.,. In this paper, various reactions to the entry of foreign banks were obtained from a survey of ten (10) local commercial banks. While there was increased competition from the foreign banks, there was little evidence to support that their entry has increased the variety of financial services, has bro...

APEC-Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization: Energy(1998). Tanchuco, Joel,. Effects of tariff reduction on energy products are expected to be minimal , except on natural gas. Liberalizing non-tariff measures should concentrate on removing/minimizing tax differentials across petroleum products. On the provision of services within the energy sector, liberalization would i...

The Effects of the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Forest Products Sector(1998). Macam, Marissa,. Bautista, Cristina,. Lanzona, Leonardo,. This paper examines the effects of the EVSL on the forest product sector. Despite having shown export competitiveness and efficiency in the world market, wood manufacturers would be vulnerable to liberalization because of decreasing computed revealed comparative advantage. Paper and paperboard are n...

The Effects of the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Fish and Fish Products(1998). Israel, Danilo C.,. This paper examines the likely effects of the EVSL on the fish and fish products sector, including the problems that prevent it from benefiting fully from the proposal. A competitive and efficient sector will not likely experience adverse consequences from the EVSL. The findings of the paper indicat...

The Effects of Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization (EVSL) on Jewelry and Gems(1998). Quesada, Ramon,. Rodolfo, Ceferino S.,. Tomas, Leonardo,. Tan, David L.,. The Philippine jewelry industry has long been identified by government with luxury - thereby leading to the imposition of high taxes and tariffs. This state has driven most industry players underground. As part of the informal economy, the sector is now plagued with problems of informal sourcing of ...

APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on Medical Equipments, Instruments and Devices(1998). Sanchez-Robielos, Maria Teresa,. This paper offers an action plan for the medical equipment, instrument and devices sector in the light of the Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization. Recommendations regarding the tariff reduction schedule, non-tariff measures, facilitation, and economic and technical measures are also discussed....

Impact of Trade Reforms in the Asia-Pacific Region(1998). Medalla, Erlinda M.,. This paper assesses the impact of reforms undertaken to transform the country into a globally competitive economy. A brief review of these reforms is provided. Its impacts are analyzed using the recent PIDS studies on trade and industrial policy while the economy-wide impacts of the trade reforms ar...

Analysis of the Proposed Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization Program for the Environmental Goods and Services Sector(1998). Israel, Danilo C.,. The paper evaluates the potential impacts of the EVSL program for the environmental goods and services sector and discusses the actions developed as a response to the proposed program. It argued that the program has several potential benefits in terms of improved environmental protection and managem...

APEC Early Voluntary Liberalization and Its Implication on the Philippine Toy Industry(1998). Austria, Myrna S.,. The paper analyzes the likely impacts of the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization (EVSL) program on the Philippine toy industry. The analysis shows that the industry failed to flourish and follow the technology-driven development path that made the toy industries of the country’s Asian neigh...

APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization: Is the Philippines Ready?(1998). Austria, Myrna S.,. The paper is an integrative report of the fifteen sectoral studies prepared to help the Philippine government define its position and strategy in its participation in the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization program. The analysis shows that since most of the 15 sectors are not competitive ye...

The Effects of the Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Automotive Sector(1998). Romea, Rodrigo,. Godofredo, Jose,. Carandang, Arturo,. Early liberalization of the automotive industry within APEC was proposed by the USA. With automobiles comprising approximately 8 percent of global exports in 1995, of which 45 percent originate from the APEC region. The industry is easily identified as one of the sectors that could greatly benefit f...

The Effects of the Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Fertilizer Sector(1998). Macam, Marissa,. Lanzona, Leonardo,. Reyes, Senen,. This paper examines the effects of EVSL on the fertilizer sector, including the problems that prevent it from benefitting fully from the proposal. The export competitiveness of manufactured fertilizers as evident by the computed revealed comparative advantage, has been declining and will be vulnerab...

The Impact of Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on Oilseeds and Oilseed Products Sector(1998). Dy, Rolando,. Miranda, Carlo,. Reyes, Senen,. Oilseed and oilseed products are one of the fifteen sectors proposed for early voluntary liberalization (EVSL). The proposal is that all tariffs, non-tariff barriers (NTBs), export quotas and other trade distorting measures would be phased-out by 2000 and bound in the World Trade Organization (WTO) ...

The Impact of Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Natural and Synthetic Rubber Sector(1998). Macam, Marissa,. This paper examines the effects on the natural synthetic rubber sector, including the problems that can prevent it from benefiting fully from the proposal. Natural rubber possesses export potential and it is undergoing the process of regeneration and will be vulnerable in the face of greater competi...

The Impact of Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Philippine Civil Aircraft(1998). Aldaba, Rafaelita Mercado,. This paper shows that the implementation of the EVSL program has a positive impact on the Philippine civil aircraft industry. The country has already unilaterally liberalized the industry in 1996. The current tariff rates range from 3 percent to 30 percent, with the bulk falling under the 3 percent ...

The Effects of the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Philippine Food Sector(1998). Austria, Myrna S.,. Paracuelles, Euben,. The paper examines the likely impact of the APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization on the Philippine food sector. The analysis shows that it is important to level the playing field among the APEC member economies. Unless the developed member economies will eliminate or substantially reduce the...

APEC, Philippines and Telecommunications MRA(1998). Chua, Johnson,. In the quest for global integration, efforts to open markets are interestingly shifting from tariff to non-tariff measures. Given the successful efforts of the WTO to lower tariff barriers and the commitments of many countries to accelerate tariff reductions in an attempt to foster regional integrat...

Can Ecotech Alleviate the Asian Financial Crisis?(1999). Villacorta, Wilfrido,. Unite, Angelo A.,. Several economists have offered a variety of arguments on the causes of the so-called Asian financial crisis that commenced on the second half of the 1997. The hypothesized causes revolve around a common theme: lack of prudent financial institutions and effective regulatory/supervisory structures to...

The Macroeconomy of China in the Late Nineties(1999). Lim, Joseph,. ...

The Asian Crisis and Economic Integration in APEC(1999). Paderanga, Cayetano,. ...

The Great Dragon Effect: Mainland China and the ASEAN Slowdown(1999). Fabella, Raul,. This paper details the many possible economic imports that the Mainland China will exert on the other Asian countries, especially the ASEAN. The prognosis from the static analysis is negative overall, especially for countries with factor endowments similar but smaller than Mainland China’s, namely t...

China as a Rising Power: Implications for the Asia Pacific(1999). Baviera, Aileen S.,. This paper discusses the implications of China to its neighbors as it gains power. It also offers some pointers both to China and other countries on how to perceive the effects of China’s economic growth in the region. ...

Foreign Direct Investment Flows To and From China(1999). Tan, Rosalina,. The study traces the growth of the direct foreign investment inflows (DFIs) in China and its distribution by sector, receiving regions and source countries. It also looks into the trends and patterns of Chinese outward direct investments. Direct investment flows into China is shown to be significant...

The Great Dragon Effect: Whose Lunch is Mainland China Eating?(1999). Fabella, Raul,. In the light of the Asian financial crisis, this paper discusses whether Mainland China has a responsibility to play in it. The China factor could not have been enough to bring the crisis. Hence, this paper differentiates between the complementary and substitutive effect of the economy of Mainland C...

China's Changing Trade Patterns: Implications for ASEAN-China Trade(1999). Palanca, Ellen,. Economic reform in China and the economic prosperity that resulted have brought about tremendous growth and pattern changes in its external trade. In the last couple of decades, merchandise trade between China and all the five ASEAN countries, which started at relatively low levels, has grown at imp...

Towards Enhancing the Philippine IAP(1999). Manzano, George,. Teroza, Cid,. Improving the Individual Action Plan (IAP) is a leap towards the deepening of APEC process in the Philippines. Hence, the question is: How should the Philippine IAP enhancement program proceed? This paper outlines the methodology and proposes recommendations to develop areas having below average APE...

The Use of One Within the Other: A Theory-Based Study of the Effectiveness of ASEAN as a Collective Action Group Within APEC: 1989-1995(1999). Cook, Malcolm,. This paper, through the further fusion of formal bargaining and collective action theories with the more inductive theories of regionalization and regimes, attempts to gain a fuller understanding of the roots and the level of the impact the ASEAN regime has had on the shaping of the larger APEC regi...

Regional Cooperation in APEC and ASEM: An Institutionalist Perspective(1999). Avila, John Lawrence V.,. This paper compares the institutional development of APEC and ASEM. The study makes a survey of the various theories and explanations of institutionalism characterizing regional economic cooperation in Asia. After reviewing realist and liberal approaches to the study of Asian regionalism, this study...

Clinton in Barong: Reflections on Culture, Nationalism and Globalization in a Time of APEC(1999). Tan, Michael,. Utilizing perspectives drawn from economic anthropology, this paper attempts to shift from the formalist definitions of economics and economic systems and looks into economics as a culture. The main focus of this paper is about APEC as a transnational body formed out of divergent economic interests....

China's Relation with Southeast Asia: Political Security and Economic Interests(1999). Baviera, Aileen S.,. China has always looked at Southeast Asia as an integral part of its security environment. It values ASEAN for the role it may play in the realization of China’s desired vision of a multipolar order. Southeast Asian countries, on the other hand, appear prepared to accept China’s legitimate interests...

Labor Mobility Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region(1999). Jurado, Gonzalo,. Despite the advantages of international labor mobility, it in itself continues to be weakened across countries. This paper discussed several issues on labor mobility, it also provide solutions to the problems and outlines how these solutions can be implemented. ...

The Political Economy of Philippines - China Relations(1999). Lim, Benito,. Early history of Philippines-China economic relations has shown that there have been many instances when good political relations often led to good economic relations. Conducted in a friendly manner, under the aegis of what the Chinese imperial court called “Vassal tributary missions,” it has benefi...

APEC: A Review and the Way Forward(1999). Austria, Myrna S.,. Intal, Ponciano Jr. S.,. There is no doubt that APEC agenda has been shaped by the commitment of its member to sustain economic growth through market forces and strong community relations. While it has achieved substantial progress in its institutional development and in the advancement towards free and open trade, the effe...

Gender Dimension in APEC(1999). Ancog, Amelia C.,. This paper traces the integration of gender concerns in APEC’s Technical Working Group in Economic and Technical Cooperation and Ministerial Meetings. It also highlights the challenges and opportunities for gender programs in science and technology in the new millennium....

The Social Impact of APEC TILF: The Philippine Case(1999). Lanzona, Leonardo,. This paper gives a broad overview, with supporting statistical evidence, of the relationship and interrelationships between trade liberalization and the inflow of foreign direct investment and social development in the Philippines during the late 1980s and 1990s. The APEC Trade and Investment Libera...

The Political Economy of Philippine Commitments to APEC: The Legislative Record(1999). Villacorta, Wilfrido,. Unite, Angelo A.,. Tullao, Tereso Jr. S.,. The objective of the study is to examine the political economy of enacting new legislation required to fulfill the commitments of the Philippines in APEC. In particular, the paper describes the process involved in the formulation and deliberation of proposed legislation, identifies the players invol...

An Inquiry Into the Long Term Prospects of the EVSL: The Case of the Philippines(1999). Macam, Marissa,. Lanzona, Leonardo,. This paper argues that the Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization (EVSL) offers a number of opportunities in the short-run and, in the long-run need not hinder, but instead promote, globalism. The EVSL can serve as the springboard towards accelerating and enhancing the trade liberalization process ...

Redefining APEC Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization in View of the Asian Crisis and the WTO(1999). Austria, Myrna S.,. Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization (EVSL) is a step initiated by the APEC leaders to advance liberalization further. This paper analyzes the Philippine participation to APEC-EVSL in the light of the Asian Financial crisis. It discusses EVSL as a strategy to attain Bogor goals of free trade and ...

The Changing Expectations of the Private Sector in the APEC Process: APEC Business Advisory Council(1999). Luz, Juan Miguel,. This paper presents the expectations of the APEC Business Advisory Council then, now and in the future....

Social Impact of the Asian Crisis in the Philippines: Preliminary Survey(1999). Pasadilla, Gloria,. The Philippines may have not been the hardest hit of the recent Asian financial crisis but its impact is still felt by groups belonging to vulnerable sectors. This paper assesses the impact of the crisis to the Philippine society by looking at indicators such as poverty, income and expenditure level...

From APEC to WTO: What Does Elevating the Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization (EVSL) Scheme Imply?(1999). Austria, Myrna S.,. In 1998, the APEC leaders agreed to elevate the plan for EVSL (early voluntary sectoral liberalization) from APEC to the WTO. What does this move imply? Are the ground rules similar? Or different? What is the implication for the Philippines? And how should the government react?...

The APEC-ECOTECH Agenda: Maximising Partnership Opportunities for Social Development(1999). Aldaba, Fernando T.,. This paper discusses the rationale for a partnership that includes the participation of civil society. It stresses the importance of NGOs in assisting the government pursue economic development....

Strengthening APEC's Institutions(2000). Avila, John Lawrence V.,. APEC is an important political and economic entity and remains a principal forum for the promotion of free market principles across the Asia-Pacific region. For APEC, however, to remain relevant in the global economy of the new millennium, it must make progress in the development of its institutions...

An Evaluation on the Readiness of the Filipino Professionals to Meet International Standards(2000). Tullao, Tereso Jr. S.,. The study is an evaluation of the extent and quality of the various forms of investments in human capital in the formation of Filipino professionals in terms of professional competence, professional preparation and continuing professional competence. The competence of the professionals was evaluat...

China-ASEAN Relations: Political Security and Economic Interests(2000). Baviera, Aileen S.,. Is there reason for the ASEAN countries' fear that China's ambition to become an Asia-Pacific military power will be at the expense of its smaller and weaker neighbors? This Notes shows that there is a lot that needs to be done to reduce lingering--even growing--suspicions of China. In the final ana...

China's Changing Trade Patterns: Implications for ASEAN-China Trade(2000). Palanca, Ellen,. Ever since China announced its open door policy to the world and increased its trading and investment activities, there had been apprehension among the ASEAN-5 countries over the possible erosion of their competitive advantages in many sectors vis-à-vis China's economic rise. This Policy Notes, howe...

A Strategy for Enhancing the Philippine IAP(2000). Manzano, George,. Teroza, Cid,. Today, the greatest challenge facing APEC is to sustain the strides already made in its three-pronged agenda in the Asia-Pacific region – liberalization, facilitation and economic/technical cooperation. Similar to the challenge confronting the whole of APEC, the challenge for the Philippines is to m...

Competition in Philippine Telecommunications: A Survey of Critical Issues(2000). Serafica, Ramonette B.,. Telecommunication liberalization in the Philippines has produced a number of benefits as higher teledensity, greater variety of services, and to some extent lower prices. However, simply relaxing market entry restrictions have proven insufficient in creating a truly competitive environment. This pap...

The State of Competition and Market Structure of the Philippine Air Transport Industry(2000). Austria, Myrna S.,. This paper examined the regulatory and policy regimes of the Philippine air transport industry and their effects on the state of competition and market structure of the industry. There is no doubt that liberalization and deregulation have brought genuine competition in the domestic air transport in...

An Analysis of the State of Competition and Market Structure of the Banking and Insurance Sectors(2000). Milo, Melanie S.,. This paper looks at how competition and efficiency in the financial services sector, particularly the banking and insurance industries, have been affected by the regulatory regime and market structure. It gives an overview of how financial policy in the Philippines evolved over time. In particular, ...

Government Policies and Regulations: Interrelationship with Competition Policy Objectives(2000). Medalla, Erlinda M.,. The paper aims to examine the major government policies in terms of how they relate to the objectives of competition; clarify what important trade-offs may exist; and determine how and possibly when conflicts between government policies and competition policy objectives arise. Three sets of governme...

Recommendations for Philippine Anti-Trust Policy and Regulation(2000). Abad, Anthony R.A.,. Realizing that substantial trade and investment liberalization, deregulation and privatization are good for Filipinos due to the obvious efficiency and welfare gains brought about by increased competition from new products and services, the Philippine government has adopted a policy of introducing m...

Issues in Competition Policy and Elements of a Rational Competition Policy for the Philippines(2000). Medalla, Erlinda M.,. This paper provides the overview of the current PASCN studies on competition policies. The concepts set forth are not meant to be novel, as indeed, the economic grounds for competition policies and the major factors affecting barriers to entry have long been well established. Rather, this paper mere...

Reassesing Tripartism and the Role of the State in a Period of Restructuring Under Globalization(2000). Teodosio, Virginia,. This paper shows how the tripartite discourse and practice have evolved in the 1900s in the context of state governance and globalization. Against the background of intensified internationalization of production and distribution, unions face a profoundly different structure of labor and management r...

The Legal Characterization of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the Individual Action Plans in International Law(2000). Candelaria, Sedfrey M.,. The emergence of various economic groupings in different parts of the world has given rise to the accompanying issue of compliance by member States with their commitments under the respective charters or codes of conduct of their economic or trade regimes. A fundamental concern confronting these reg...

APEC: A Review and the Way Forward(2000). Austria, Myrna S.,. Intal, Ponciano Jr. S.,. There is no doubt that APEC agenda has been shaped by the commitment of its member to sustain economic growth through market forces and strong community relations. While it has achieved substantial progress in its institutional development and in the advancement towards free and open trade, the effe...

An Inquiry Into the Competitiveness of Emerging Philippine Cities(2000). Adriano, Lourdes S.,. An Inquiry Into the Competitiveness of Emerging Philippine Cities attempts to approximate the competitiveness performance of ten leading emerging urban centers in the country: Angeles, Baguio, Cagayan de Oro, Davao City, General Santos, Iligan, Iloilo, San Fernando La Union, Tacloban, and Zamboanga....

Trade Liberalization and International Migration: The Philippine Case(2000). Aldaba, Rafaelita Mercado,. The paper examines the determinants of international migration in the Philippines. Specifically, it looks at the relationship of trade and migration. An eclectic migration model is proposed and regression analysis showed that goods and labor mobility are substitutes in the medium and long run. In th...

An Analysis of Globalization and Wage Inequality in the Philippines: An Application of the Stolper-Samuelson Theory(2000). Lanzona, Leonardo,. The paper presents an empirical test of this hypothesis to the Philippines using a factor returns approach proposed by Leamer (1996). Based on the Stopler-Samuelson theory that links output prices with wages, the study considers technological change; export price movements and education (as an indic...

Factors Influencing the Observance of the Core ILO Labor Standards by Manufacturing Companies.(2000). Edralin, Divina M.,. This paper aimed to determine the factors that influences the degree of compliance by the manufacturing companies with the six core ILO labor standards ratified by the Philippines Using descriptive and comparative research designs, a survey among 125 unionized and non-unionized manufacturing fir...

Are Filipino Professionals Ready to Meet International Competition?(2001). Tullao, Tereso Jr. S.,. In the face of global competition, are the Filipino professionals ready for the challenge? Find out the answer and reasons in this Policy Notes written by Tereso Tullao Jr....

What Factors Influence Manufacturing Companies' Observance of Core ILO Labor Standards?(2001). Edralin, Divina M.,. Worldwide interest in the relationship between globalization of trade and human rights have risen in recent years. One of the critical issues relates to the ILO social clause laying down six core labor standards. How do various countries view this social clause? More specifically, how does the Phili...

Liberalization of the Philippine International Air Transport Industry: Que Paso?(2001). Austria, Myrna S.,. Five years after the passage of EO 219 which announced the Philippine government's policy of liberalizing the domestic and international civil aviation industry, it seems that no improvements have taken place in the country's international air transport industry. What happened? This Notes examines t...

Competition in the Domestic Air Transport Industry: Can it be Sustained without Competition Policy?(2001). Austria, Myrna S.,. How has the deregulation of the domestic air transport industry affected competition? Can the industry survive as competition persists? This Notes looks further into this issue and suggests that there are certain areas where a clear policy on competition and accompanying regulations must be identifi...

Domestic Regulation and the Trade in Services: The Role of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)(2001). Tullao, Tereso Jr. S.,. Domestic regulation is a major element that defines the global trade in services under the rules of GATS. The study traces the various perspectives in the formulation of domestic regulation from market imperfections, exclusion of the markets and asymmetric information. it identifies the regulatory f...

Competition in Philippine Telecommunications: A Survey of the Critical Issues(2001). Serafica, Ramonette B.,.  Simply relaxing market entry rules is not enough to create a robust competitive environment, as shown in the case of the telecommunications industry. So claims Dr. Ramonette Serafica in this Policy Notes. According to her, a proactive set of rules promoting competition is necessary to assist new...

From APEC Formation to Consolidation: Policy Suggestions for ASEAN(2001). Cook, Malcolm,. In the midst of numerous intraregional, interregional and global economic regimes which are aimed at facilitating trading relations among economies, what is the role of the APEC? What is its "value-added" to the Asia-Pacific region and to its member-states, in particular, its ASEAN members? On the o...

Investment Liberalization and Facilitation in the Asia Pacific: Can APEC make a difference?(2002). Austria, Myrna S.,. This paper tries to assess the role of APEC as an institution in promoting investment liberalization and facilitation in the region, focusing on the process and mechanisms by which it makes progress towards its goal of a free and open investment. APEC has made a difference in promoting liberalizati...

Philippine Domestic and Shipping Industry: State of Competition and Market Structure(2002). Austria, Myrna S.,. ...

Increasing Opportunities for Technology Adoption and Women's Participation(2002). Ancog, Amelia C.,. This Notes documents cases of best practices among women entrepreneurs who adopted and productively used technologies in their livelihood programs. It argues that more success stories could be and have been made, not only for women but also for men, if there is an overall viable policy framework and...

China's Economic Growth: Implications to the ASEAN(2002). Palanca, Ellen,. Over the years, China has enjoyed an unprecedented economic growth. What are the implications of this to the ASEAN? This issue tells us....

Toward a National Competition Policy for the Philippines(2002). Medalla, Erlinda M.,. After more than three decades of protectionism, the Philippines is now shifting toward a more open economy through liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. The reforms that started in the mid-1980s have contributed to moving the economy toward a more market-friendly policy environment. In th...

Torn Between Two Lovers: ASEAN and its Evolving Economic Relations with China and Japan(2002). Avila, John Lawrence V.,. Last November, ASEAN Leaders met with the Chinese Premier in Brunei and endorsed a proposal for a Framework on Economic Cooperation and to establish a free trade area within the next ten years. Ahead of such an arrangement, the two sides agreed to explore the idea of an ?early harvest?, which will ...

Costested Space: Tourism Power and Social Relations in Mactan and Panglao Islands(2003). Bersalez, Jose Eleazar,. This is a study about local communities in the midst of varying levels of tourism development. Using the anthropological perspective, two resort communities in two islands have been scrutinized using the triangulation method of survey, focus group discussion and key informant interview, in order to ...

What We Have and Don't Have...Is It Enough for Global Competition?(2003). Cabanilla, Liborio S.,. Velasco, Luis Rey I.,. Can agriculture in the Philippines support the future demands of an ever-increasing populace given that its main resource--land--is relatively fixed? Does the utilization pattern of its current agricultural resources support the Philippines' bid to increase rural incomes and alleviate poverty? And d...

Where Are the Benefits of Foreign Bank Liberalization?(2003). Hapitan, Rene B.,. Ten years after the passing of the Foreign Bank Liberalization Act (RA 7721) that allowed 10 foreign banks to enter the Philippine banking system, have the benefits expected of their entry such as an increased variety of financial services and adoption of new technologies, among others, already been...