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Participation in practice : the experience of the World Bank and other stakeholders. Rietbergen-McCracken, Jennifer,. Forty-five studies were commissioned to investigate participation-related issues and draw lessons from participatory projects financed by the World Bank. Questions posed included: What are the benefits and costs of supporting participation in Bank-supported operations? What factors enhance or limit ...

Is there a credit crunch in East Asia?. Ferri, Giovanni,. Wei Ding,. Domac, Ilker,. The issue of the credit crunch in the aftermath of the Asian crisis has stimulated much debate. Indeed, some features of the East Asian economies, such as bank-based financial systems and high leverage, make them particularly vulnerable to monetary and financial shocks. Under such circumstances, the...

Science and environment education : views from developing countries. Ware, Sylvia,.  Currently, there is an increasing understanding that teaching and learning good school science may produce extensive contributions to economic development. The importance of scientifically literate citizens and workers is likely to increase further in the coming decades as a result of the fast re...

Computerizing tax and customs administrations. Engelschalk, Michael,. Melhem, Samia,. Weist, Dana,. Computerization is an important part of World Bank tax and customs projects. Revenue administration computerization projects should be seen in the broader context of public sector reforms. They touch on issues such as the government ' s overall strategy for information technology, the revenue agency...

Philippines environment monitor 2001. World Bank,. The Philippines Environment Monitor 2001, focuses on solid waste management, which triggered by the " garbage crisis " of Metro Manila, has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental concerns in the country. The report comprises six sections, of which, the first three sections discuss the cur...

Decentralization and biodiversity conservation. Lutz, Ernst,. Caldecott, Julian,. The question of whether decentralization fosters rural development and whether it does so in ways that are environmentally and socially sustainable, was the topic of a World Bank research project, " Decentralization, Fiscal Systems, and Rural Development. " This report resulted from that prior inves...

Rural development : from vision to action - focus countries at a glance. World Bank,. Focus Countries at a Glance represents an effort to track the performance of the rural sector overtime, in the selected countries, and provides readily accessible information to focus country officials, and Bank staff. The paper summarizes the focus per country, stipulating whether the goals are to ...

Risk and efficiency in East Asian banks. Laeven, Luc,.  The author uses a linear programming technique (data envelopment analysis) to estimate the inefficiencies of banks in Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and, Thailand. He applies this technique to the pre-crisis period 1992-96. Assessing a Bank ' s overall performance re...

Private solutions for infrastructure : opportunities for the Philippines - a country framework report. Baietti, Aldo,. Muir, Russell,. Schwartz, Jordan,. Gray, Philip,. Yamamoto, Chiaki,. This Country Framework Report for the Philippines is one of the first in a series of country reviews aimed at improving the environment for private sector involvement in infrastructure. Prepared at the request of the Philippine Government, the report has three main objectives: 1) To describe and ass...

Philippines - Second Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project : environmental assessment. Department of Agrarian Reform,. Due to the significant lack of environmental data, both baseline and monitoring, the only possible environmental assessment that can be done at this stage is indicative-reflecting typical environmental impacts of similar or equivalent projects. Certain aspects of commonly accepted practices must be ...

Analysis of the integrated gas chain. Herath, Hemantha,. Malhotra, Anil K.,. This study seeks to: a) demonstrate the need to analyze gas projects as an integral system; b) describe an integrated cash flow modeling approach for gas projects which can be used to determine the returns to various parties under different parameters and perform sensitivity analysis; and c) finally...

New directions in Asian housing finance - linking capital markets and housing finance. Watanabe, Masakazu,. The book is part of the International Finance Corporation ' s (IFC) technical assistance project for Asian regional housing finance, and consists of case studies focusing on the role of primary, and secondary mortgage institutions, and the related legal and regulatory environment in Asia. It is base...

The political economy of distress in East Asian financial institutions. Bongini, Paola,. Claessens, Stijn,. Ferri, Giovanni,. Politics and regulatory capture can play an important role in financial institutions ' distress. East Asia ' s financial crisis featured many distressed and closed financial intermediaries in an environment with many links between government, politicians, supervisors, and financial institutions. Thi...

If not us, then who? - social dimensions of community-based environment initiatives. Gill, Kirrin,. The report focuses on the Metropolitan Environmental Improvement Program ' s (MEIP) community-based initiatives, and considers the social dimensions, and long-term benefits of a community-based approach, by exploring the experience of twelve community projects in Indonesia and the Philippines, highl...

A framework for regulating microfinance institutions : the experience in Ghana and the Philippines. Gallardo, Joselito,. An earlier Policy Research Working Paper (Hennie van Greuning, Joselito Gallardo, and Bikki Randhawa, " A Framework for Regulating Microfinance Institutions, " WPS 2061, February 1999) presented a regulatory framework that identifies thresholds in financial intermediation activities that trigger a r...

The use of first and second languages in education - a review of international experience. Dutcher, Nadine,. Tucker, Richard G.,. This paper summarizes the literature on the use of fist and second languages in education. The first part presents findings from basic research related to commonly held assumptions about children and language learning including: age of learning, ease of learning, and time spent learning. The second ...

Banking on crises : expensive lessons from recent financial crises. Caprio, Jr., Gerard,. No abstract available....

The use of asset management companies in the resolution of banking crises - cross-country experience. Klingebiel, Daniela,. Asset management companies have been used to address the overhang of bad debt in the financial system. There are two main types of asset management company: those set up to expedite corporate restructuring and those established for rapid disposal of assets. A review of seven asset management compani...

Firm-level survey provides data on Asia ' s corporate crisis and recovery. Hallward-Driemeier, Mary,. Researchers have decried the limited supply of objective, comparable firm-level data from developing countries. The author describes a new database that helps fill this information gap. The database has detailed records on 4000 firms operating in Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Phili...

Philippines - development policy review : an opportunity for renewed poverty reduction. World Bank,. The Philippines regained a modest growth rate of 3.5 percent per annum for 1999-2001, but has not yet managed to reduce the incidence of poverty from its 1996 level. The Medium Term Philippine Development (MTPDP) growth targets of over 5 percent per year are attainable, but only if the key building ...

Philippines : tree crops for rural development - issues and strategy options. World Bank,.  This study has the overall objective of assisting the Government of the Philippines in formulating sound operational policies and strategies (overall and by commodity) to further develop its comparative advantage in tree crop production, and marketing and processing within a rural development and...

Philippines - Social expenditure priorities. World Bank,. This report follows up on a Social Impact Assessment of the Crisis which the Bank carried out in the Philippines in February 1998. One of the main recommendations emerging from that assessment was for the Government to protect health, education, and other social sectors from budget cuts relative to ...

Philippines - Environment monitor 2000. World Bank,. The Philippines was one of the first countries to give intent to the Agenda 21 process initiated during the Earth Summit in Rio Janeiro in 1992, by formulating its own national agenda 21 in a highly participatory manner. As the Philippines advances gradually toward sustainable development, it faces ...

East Asian labor markets and the economic crisis - impacts, responses, and lessons. Balisacan, Arsenio M.,. Betcherman, Gordon,. Luinstra, Amy,. Dar, Amit,. Islam, Rizwanul,. Tunekawa, Kenji,. Bhattacharya, Gopal,. Dhanani, Shafiq,. Iacono, Max,. Mehran, Farhad,. Mukhopadhyay, Swapna,. Phan Thuy,. Soon-Hie Hang,. Keum, Jaeho,. Dong-Heon Kim,. Gonggyun Shin,. Mansor, Norma,. Tan Eu Chye,. Boehanoeddin, Ali,. Said, Fatimah,. Saad Mohd Said,. Esguerra, Jude,. Mahmood, Moazam,. Aryah,Gosah,. Makoto Ogawa,. Cox Edwards, Alexandra,. Manning, Chris,. Horton, Susan,. Mazumdar, Dipak,. Campbell, Duncan,. Naoyuki Kameyama,. The sudden, and often painful consequences of the financial crisis in East and Southern Asia, led to disappearing employment, and earning opportunities in the formal sector, reduced incomes, and meager social assistance. Thus, these difficult events of the late 1990s, raised questions for the region...

Do farmers choose to be inefficient? evidence from Bicol, Philippines. Larson, Donald F.,. Plessmann, Frank,. Farming households that differ in their ability, or willingness to take on risks are likely to make different decisions when allocating resources, and effort among income-producing activities, with consequences for productivity. The authors measure voluntary, and involuntary departures from efficien...

Facilitating foreign participation in privatization. Megyery, Kathy,. Sader, Frank,. To develop a better understanding of the mixed performance of foreign direct investment (FDI) in privatization programs worldwide, the Foreign Investment Advisory Service (FIAS) and the Canadian consulting firm, Groupe Secor, reviewed the major privatization programs in eight countries--Argentina, G...

Dynamic capita mobility, capital market risk, and exchange rate misalignment : evidence from seven Asian Countries. Min, Hong G.,. No abstract available....

An ecological and historical perspective on agricultural development in Southeast Asia. Hayami, Yujiro,. According to Mint ' s " vent for surplus " theory, development of the economies of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand from the nineteenth century on depended on the natural advantage of large tracts of unused " empty land " with low population density and abundant natural resources of the type...

Meeting employment challenges in the global economy. Lund, Lotte,. Betcherman, Gordon,. Luinstra, Amy,. Taylor, Stanley G.,. Raju, Dhushyanth,. Canagarajah, Sudharshan,. Lund, Francie,. Dar, Amit,. Leipold, Knut,. Closing the gap; by Lotte Lund. Thailand after the crisis; by Lotte Lund. Toil, sweat, and trade : what can be done to improve working conditions in developing countries?; by Amy Luinstra. Decent work and poverty reduction; by Stanley G. Taylor. Solidarity forever? Trade unions and the World Bank; b...

Liberalizing trade in agriculture : developing countries in Asia and the post-Doha agenda. Wilson, John S.,. The author provides an overview and data relevant to the interests of developing countries as they engage in continuing agricultural trade negotiations set forth in the World Trade Organization Ministerial held in Doha, Qatar in November 2001. He examines country performance in agricultural trade, i...

The greening of economic policy reform. Cruz, Wilfrido,. Warford, Jeremy J.,. Munasinghe, Mohan,. This report, in two volumes, addresses environmental impacts stemming from economy-wide policy reforms, and seeks to clarify the nature of the economic, physical, institutional, and cultural aspects of their relationship. Volume 1 summarizes the case studies and synthesizes their key principles. Vol...

Diversification and efficiency of investment by East Asian corporations. Claessens, Stijn,. Djankov, Simeon,. Lang, Larry H. P.,. Joseph P. H. Fan,.  The East Asian financial crisis has been attributed in part to the corporate diversification associated with the misallocation of capital investment toward less profitable and more risky business segments. Much anecdotal evidence to support this view has surfaced since the crisis but there was li...

Linkages between local governments and financial markets : a tool kit to developing subsovereign credit markets in emerging economies. Petersen, John,. Crihfield, John B.,. The purpose of this toolkit report is to describe the linkages between local government credit financing needs and capital markets in the emerging coutries. The report is presented in the form of a framework for decisionmaking about identifying, analyzing, and strengthening these linkages. No two co...

Convexity and sheepskin effects in the human capital earnings function : recent evidence for Filipino men. Schady, Norbert R.,. Much attention has been paid to the issue of possible nonlinearities in the relationship between log wages and schooling in the literature on both the United States and developing countries. The author uses data from a recent household survey for the Philippines, the 1998 Annual Poverty Indicator Su...

Determinants of Agricultural Growth in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. Mundlack, Yair,. Larson, Donald F.,. Butzer, Rita,. The introduction of new high-yielding varieties of cereals in the 1960s, known as the green revolution. Changed dramatically the food supply I Asia, as well as in other countries. The authors examine over an extended period, the growth consequences for agriculture in Indonesia, the Philippines, and ...

The greening of economic policy reform, Vol. 2. Cruz, Wilfrido,. Warford, Jeremy J.,. Munasinghe, Mohan,. This report, in two volumes, addresses environmental impacts stemming from economy-wide policy reforms, and seeks to clarify the nature of the economic, physical, institutional, and cultural aspects of their relationship. Volume 1 summarizes the case studies and synthesizes their key principles. Vol...

Addressing the education puzzle : the distribution of education and economic reform. Lopez, Ramon,. Thomas, Vinod,. Yan Wang,. No country has achieved sustained economic development without substantially investing in human capital. Previous studies have shown the handsome returns to various forms of basic education, research, training, learning-by-doing, and capacity-building. But education by itself does not guarantee succ...

Asian corporate recovery : findings from firm-level surveys in five countries. Hallward-Driemeier, Mary,. Dwor-Frecaut, Dominque,. Colaco, Francis,. This report presents the main findings of surveys of 3,700 manufacturing firms in Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand, conducted by the governments of these countries from November 1998 to February 1999. The resulting papers were prepared for a conference on Asian corporate rec...

Private infrastructure in East Asia : lessons learned in the aftermath of the crisis. Baietti, Aldo,. Private participation in infrastructure has taken two distinct forms in the developing world. The first model, applied primarily in Latin America, focuses on privatization of existing infrastructure assets. The second, applied largely in East Asia, focuses on retaining existing assets in the public ...

Philippines - Water Districts Development Project. World Bank,. The objectives of the Water Districts Development Project are to: 1) help participating local governments and water districts plan and implement sewerage and sanitation investments; and 2) assist the Phillippine government in developing transparent regulatory mechanisms in order to facilitate privat...

Empowering the civil society to monitor the environment : education for students, awareness for the public, and functional literacy for targeted groups. Ariasingam, David,. This paper provides a brief introduction to environmental education for schools, environmental awareness for civil society, and functional literacy for targeted groups-a specific educational methodology that is useful in sustaining environmental projects. Recent empirical studies in developing count...

Philippines - rural development & natural resource management : trends, strategy implementation, and framework performance indicator system, Vol. 2. World Bank,. This report aims to 1) assess the trends in rural development and natural resource management (RD/NRM) strategies as reflected by selected indicators; 2) recommend relevant adjustments and improvements to better achieve the stated RD/NRM objectives and impacts; 3) formulate a strategic and prioritiz...

Philippines - Filipino report card on pro-poor services. World Bank,. The Report Card is a means by which citizens can provide credible and collective feedback to public agencies about their performance. It brings forth information on users ' awareness, access, use, and satisfaction with public services. It is an important follow-up to the World Bank ' s Poverty Asses...

Philippines - Managing global integration. World Bank,. This report analyzes the prospects for and consequences of continued global integration of the Philippine economy, and examines the policy implications. Volume 1 summarizes recent economic developments and the nature of financial instability; and focuses on financial policies and risk management, in...

Qualities of caring : good practices in infant and toddler group care. O ' Gara, Chloe,. Lusk, Diane,. Canahuati, Judy,. Yablick, Gary,. Hyffman, Sandra L.,.  The paper compiles preliminary information about programs providing day-care for infants, and toddlers in resource-poor settings in developing countries, namely through case studies in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Peru, the Philippines, and Venezuela. Highlights of findings include crucia...

Philippines - rural development & natural resource management : trends, strategy implementation, and framework performance indicator system. World Bank,. This report aims to 1) assess the trends in rural development and natural resource management (RD/NRM) strategies as reflected by selected indicators; 2) recommend relevant adjustments and improvements to better achieve the stated RD/NRM objectives and impacts; 3) formulate a strategic and prioritiz...

Philippines - Poverty assessment, Vol. 2. World Bank,. This report is intended as an input into the Philippine Government ' s poverty eradication strategy. The report aims to update our understanding of the nature of poverty and the recent progress in poverty reduction in the Philippines. It examines the extent to which growth in the nineties has transl...

Philippines - Managing global integration, Vol. 2. World Bank,. This report analyzes the prospects for and consequences of continued global integration of the Philippine economy, and examines the policy implications. Volume 1 summarizes recent economic developments and the nature of financial instability; and focuses on financial policies and risk management, in...

Philippines - the challenge of economic recovery. World Bank,. The Philippines has best withstood the regional impact of the East Asia financial crises, achieving a fairly robust export growth, and suffering perhaps, less severe social repercussions. However, the severity of the crisis has been felt as of 1997, and the challenge of economic recovery remains unc...

Philippines - Growth with equity : the remaining agenda - a World Bank social and structural review. World Bank,. The report highlights how much recent achievements, in terms of growth, and poverty reduction, owe to the progress the country has made on a broad front of policy issues, such as openness to trade, investment, and competition, as well as education, and financial regulation. Nonetheless, progress has...

Philippines - Poverty assessment. World Bank,. This report is intended as an input into the Philippine Government ' s poverty eradication strategy. The report aims to update our understanding of the nature of poverty and the recent progress in poverty reduction in the Philippines. It examines the extent to which growth in the nineties has transl...

Urban air quality management strategy in Asia : Metro Manila report. Shah, Jitendra J.,. Nagpal, Tanvi,. Eighty percent of the Metro Manila population live in areas where the national standard for air quality is exceeded, where average TSP (total suspended particle) concentrations are frequently five times higher than the World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines (WHO ACQ). Long-term measured le...

Who controls East Asian corporations?. Claessens, Stijn,. Djankov, Simeon,. Lang, Larry H. P.,. The authors identify the ultimate ownership structure for 2,980 corporations in nine East Asian countries. They find that: A) More than half of those firms are controlled be a single shareholder. B) Smaller firms and older firms are more likely to be family-controlled. C) Patterns of controlling own...

Philippines - Combating corruption in the Philippines. World Bank,. This report collects and presents available information about corruption issues facing the Philippines, ongoing anticorruption efforts in and outside the government, and suggested elements for a national anticorruption strategy, drawing on global experience. The report proposes a nine-point approach...

Exchange rate risk management : evidence from East Asia. Allayannis, George,. Brown, Gregory W,. Klapper, Leora F.,. The recent East Asian financial crisis provides a natural experiment for investigating foreign exchange risk management by nonfinancial corporations. During this period, the financial crisis exposed local firms to large depreciations in exchange rates and reduced access to foreign capital. The autho...

Integrating social concerns into private sector decisionmaking - a review of corporate practices in the mining, oil, and gas sectors. McPhail, Kathryn,. Davy, Aidan,. Corporations within developing countries often have a profound impact on the social fabric of the area within which they operate, particularly in sectors such as mining and oil and gas. Even the more socially responsible corporations have difficulty in managing their relations with and responsibilit...

Philippines - From crisis to opportunity : country assistance review. Zanini, Gianni,.  This County Assistance Review (CAR) examines the Bank ' s assistance to the Philippines since 1986, a turning point in the economic and social policy landscape of that country. During the past dozen years, the Bank assistance strategy has moved from economic recovery to poverty alleviation, in li...

Reproductive health and health sector reform : linking outcomes to action. Krasovec, Katherine,. Shaw, Paul R.,. In 1999, the World Bank Institute launched a major learning program for Bank client countries and Bank staff on population, reproductive health, and health sector reform. It aims to complement the Bank ' s lending activities for population and reproductive health by providing information about optio...

The social impact of financial crises in East Asia - evidence from the Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand. World Bank,. The study focuses on the social impact, as suffered in three Asian countries - Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand - following the 1997 financial crisis, seemingly a much less homogeneous, and universal impact than initially forecasted. Although the sharp devaluation of the East Asian currencies con...

Intersectoral resource allocation and its impact on economic development in the Philippines. Fumihide Takeuchi,. Takehiko Hagino,. For sustained growth, a developing economy must provide productive employment opportunities in nonagricultural sectors. As the economy grows, employment shifts from the agricultural sector to industrial and service sectors. The move away from agriculture happens because of the decline in the income ...

Corporate diversification in East Asia : the role of ultimate ownership and group affiliation. Claessens, Stijn,. Djankov, Simeon,. Lang, Larry H. P.,. Joseph P. H. Fan,.  Using data for more than 2,000 companies from nine East Asian economies, the authors examine the interactions between ultimate ownership, group affiliation, and corporate diversification. They find evidence that allocation resources within business groups is associated with higher market valuatio...

Evaluating the impact of development projects on poverty : a handbook for practitioners. Baker, Judy L.,. Very little is known about the actual impact of projects on the poor. Many are reluctant to carry out impact evaluations because they are deemed expensive, time consuming, and technically complex, and because the findings can be politically sensitive. Yet a rigorous evaluation can be powerful in ass...

Strengthening the non-conventional and rural energy development program in the Philippines : a policy framework and action plan. World Bank,. As articulated in the new energy plan for 1999-2008, the key sector objectives for the Philippines energy sector remain security of energy supply, affordable prices, and an energy infrastructure compatible with broader social and environmental objectives. Ths report is organized as follows: Chapter ...

Philippines - Strengthening economic resiliency. World Bank,. This report confirms the private sector ' s central role in generating the impetus for growth, and the role of financial policies in bolstering confidence. At the same time, it assesses a number of emerging concerns that will need to be addressed to solidify growth prospects. Section II reviews rece...

Capital markets responses to environmental performance in developing countries. Dasgupta, Susmita,. Laplante, Benoit,. Mamingi, Nlandu,. Firms in developing countries are often said to have no incentives to invest in pollution control because they typically face weak monitoring and enforcement of environmental regulations. But the inability of formal institutions to control pollution through fines and penalties may not be as serious ...

Philippines : tree crops for rural development - issues and strategy options, Vol. 2. World Bank,. This study has the overall objective of assisting the Government of the Philippines in formulating sound operational policies and strategies (overall and by commodity) to further develop its comparative advantage in tree crop production, and marketing and processing within a rural development and fa...

The Manila water concession : a key government official ' s diary of the world ' s largest water privatization. Dumol, Mark,. In January 1977 the Government of the Philippines awarded two long-term concession contracts, handing over to private consortia the responsibility to operate and expand water and wastewater services in Greater Manila. The Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) privatization was the large...

Combating corruption in the Philippines : an update. World Bank,. The war against corruption in the Philippines has taken a fresh turn with the inauguration of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on January 20, 2001, and the subsequent installation of the new government. Addressing corruption was one of the new administration ' s announced priorities, but a detailed...

Counting the full cost : parental and community financing of education in East Asia. Bray, Mark,. This study highlights the need for much more detailed attention to the cost of schooling incurred by parents and communities. In some societies these costs are greater than even the costs to governments. Quite apart from overt forms of privatization, the growth of household resourcing of public educ...

The Metropolitan Environmental Improvement Program (MEIP) in Asia - people - cities - environment. World Bank,. The Metropolitan Environmental Improvement Program is a pilot program aimed at finding innovative solutions to the environmental problems in Asian cities. In 1989, the World Bank and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) established MEIP to help selected metropolitan regions design and imple...

Resolution of corporate distress - evidence from East Asia ' s financial crisis. Klapper, Leora F.,. Claessens, Stijn,. Djankov, Simeon,. The widespread financial crisis in East Asia caused large economic shocks, which varied by degree across the region. That crisis provides a unique opportunity for investigating the factors that determine the use of bankruptcy processes in a number of economies. The authors study the use of bankruptc...

Financing of private hydropower projects. Head, Chris,. This study provides an overview of the issues and challenges related to the private financing of hydropower projects in developing countries. From the very limited pool of projects that have already reached or are nearing financial closure, ten have been chosen for the study from five countries with...

Regional integration and industrial growth among developing countries - the case of three ASEAN members. Madani, Dorsati H.,. Has the revival of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the early 1990s affected the industrial growth of Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines? The author uses two mechanisms to capture this potential impact: scale effects, and intermediate imports variety. She performs the anal...

Case Studies in Microfinance: Philippines - Tulay SA PAG-Unlad, Inc (TSPI)(1998). Dichter, Thomas W.,. Ledgerwood, J.,. Tulay Sa Pag-Unlad, Inc (TSPI) is a microfinance NGO experiencing organizational tension between a Christian founding mission to help others; subsequent demands (led by a forceful CEO) to expand that mission and pressures in adapting rapidly to many external models in the interest of catching up wit...

Philippines - Case studies in microfinance: Tulay Sa Pag-Unlad, Inc. (TSPI), 1981-1996(1998). Dichter, Thomas W.,. Tulay Sa Pag-Unlad, Inc. (TSPI) is a case of a microfinance nongovernmental organization trying to hold its organizational culture together while forces it has set in motion are beginning to have the opposite, centrifugal tendency. Yet there is more to this story than the commonly observed attempt t...

Options of public income support for the unemployed in the Philippines and social protection(2002). World Bank,. How can the income support for the unemployed Filipino workers be improved? The study analyzes both arguments in favor of, and against each of the following programs: unemployment insurance, unemployment assistance, severance pay, unemployment insurance savings accounts, public works, and self-emplo...

Iosco objectives and principles of securities regulation(2002). World Bank,. A joint World Bank/International Monetary Fund mission visited the Republic of the Philippines during the period October 8-23 and November 19-December 6, 2001 as part of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). The aim was to assess the effectiveness of securities regulation, soundness of mar...

Social reinsurance : a new approach to sustainable community health financing(2002). World Bank,. This book details community-based approaches to insuring people against medical risk not based on individual risk rating as in private insurance, but rather using decentralized social insurance based on the average risk. This book shows how the concept of social insurance can be implemented in count...

Urban Poverty in East Asia: a review of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam(2003). World Bank,. This study reviews available quantitative and qualitative information on urban poverty issues and trends in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) Region, with particular focus on Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The effort is motivated by a concern that much of the poverty analysis undertaken in t...

Contracting models of the Phillips curve - empirical estimates for Middle-income countries(2003). World Bank,. This paper provides empirical estimates of contracting models of the Phillips curve for four middle-income developing economies-Chile, the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, and Turkey. Following an analytical review, models with both one lead and one lag, and two lags and three leads, are then est...

Philippine development policy update: fiscal management and competitiveness(2003). World Bank,. The Philippines has achieved reasonable economic growth of about four percent per annum over the past two years in spite of adverse global developments (e.g., slow world economic growth, depressed demand for electronics, the war in Iraq, and SARS), sporadic conflict in Mindanao, political uncertaint...

Human development for peace and prosperity in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Vol. 1 of 1(2003). World Bank,. This study documents the state of human development in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), explores factors leading to poor human development outcomes, and examines the extent to which public and private sector services have helped mitigate (or exacerbate) these outcomes. Extreme povert...

Philippines - Environment monitor 2003, Vol. 1 of 1(2003). World Bank,. Access to clean, and adequate water remains an acute seasonal problem in urban, and coastal areas in the Philippines. The National Capital Region (Metro Manila), Central Luzon, Southern Tagalog, and Central Visayas are the four urban, critical regions in terms of water quality and quantity. The pres...

Philippines - Environment monitor 2002 : air pollution(2003). World Bank,. Air pollution is a serious problem for the Philippines, and is the focus of this environmental monitor. The report looks at the air quality by examining, pollutants, the sources of pollution including transport, resuspension and construction, waste burning, indoor air pollution, and industry and pow...

Social Reinsurance - a new approach to sustainable community health financing, Vol. 1 of 1(2003). World Bank,.  Social Reinsurance - a new approach to sustainable community health financing, Vol. 1 of 1 Document Type: Publication Including health issues at the top of the political agenda, is an indictor for national development. Breaking the vicious cycle of low resources leading to illnes...

Intersectoral migration in Southeast Asia - evidence from Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines(2003). Mundlack, Yair,. Larson, Donald F.,. Butzer, Rita,. Using time series data spanning three decades, the authors examine the determinants of sectoral migration in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. They employ a principal components algorithm to address problems associated with trended and inter-correlated explanatory variables. Migration rates i...

Philippines : country procurement assessment report(2003). World Bank,. The Country Procurement Assessment Report (CPAR) is an analytical tool, intended to assess the public procurement system, in this case, in the Philippines, and, in the process, generate a dialogue with the Government on reforms needed. This CPAR assessment was conducted from October 2001 to June 200...

Irrigation and drainage development(2003). World Bank,. An estimated 270 million hectares of irrigated land-about 18 percent of the world ' s cropland-generates about 40 percent of the world ' s food production. Among regions, there are great disparities in the distribution of irrigated land and its contribution to food security. Around 65 percent of the...

Public environmental expenditure reviews : experience and emerging practice, Vol. 1 of 1(2003). World Bank,. The existence of externalities, market failures, and complex transboundary and transgenerational issues linked with environmental challenges means that public sector institutions have an important role to play in environmental management. Public expenditures and their effective management are key as...

Lifelong learning in the global economy : challenges for developing countries(2003). World Bank,. Consideration of lifelong learning extends the World Bank ' s traditional approach to education, in which subsectors are looked at in isolation. Three years ago, when he articulated the Comprehensive Development Framework, World Bank President James Wolfensohn referred explicitly to lifelong learnin...

Philippines - Laguna de Bay Institutional Strengthening and Community Participation Project : environmental assessment(2003). World Bank,. These environmental guidelines, and social safeguard policy framework are developed to ensure that selected subprojects to be financed under the Laguna de Bay Institutional Strengthening and Community Participation Project (LISCOP), are designed to benefit Laguna de Bay watershed, and, to identify a...

Intersectoral migration in Southeast Asia - evidence from Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines Vol. 1(2003). Mundlack, Yair,. Butzer, Rita,. Using time series data spanning three decades, the authors examine the determinants of sectoral migration in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. They employ a principal components algorithm to address problems associated with trended and inter-correlated explanatory variables. Migration rates i...

Economic analysis of solar home systems: a case study for the philippines(2003). World Bank,. This paper deals with the economic analysis of solar photovoltaic home systems for off-grid application in the Philippines. Solar homes systems financing is one of several components of the proposed Philippines Rural Project. A detailed reconciliation of economic and financial flows is provided, whi...

Safeguards thematic review of decentralized projects in the Philippines(2004). World Bank,. This report focuses on four decentralized projects in the World Bank country portfolio for the Philippines: (1) Agrarian Reform Communities Development (ARCDP I and II); (2) Community Based Resource Management (CBRMP); (3) Local Government Unit (LGU) Finance and Development (LOGOFIND) and (4) Rural ...

Demand-driven approaches to agriculture extension : Case studies of international initiatives(2004). World Bank,. Demand-led is a relatively recent label for a notion that has been around since people began to write about extension as an academic discipline and educational practice. It captures the idea that the information, advice and other services offered by extension professionals should be tailored to the ...

Philippines environment monitor 2004: assessing progress(2004). World Bank,. The 2004 Philippines Environment Monitor updates progress in natural resources management; biodiversity conservation; solid waste, air and water pollution control; and coastal and marine management. Since the publication of the first Philippines Environment Monitor in 2000, the Government of the Phi...

Customs modernization initiatives: case studies(2004). World Bank,. This volume presents case studies of customs modernization initiatives in eight developing countries: Bolivia, Ghana, Morocco, Mozambique, Peru, the Philippines, Turkey, and Uganda. The purpose of these case studies was to obtain a firsthand view of how these countries undertook customs reforms and ...

Initiatives in legal and judicial reform, Vol. 1 of 1(2004). World Bank,. This paper approaches the Bank ' s mission of fighting poverty for lasting results with effective and equitable legal systems. A comprehensive legal and judicial reform can make an important contribution to the overall development process. Equitable laws and effective judicial systems form the found...

Chains of production, ladders of protection : social protection for workers in the informal economy(2004). World Bank,. It is generally accepted that only one in five of the world�s population has adequate social security coverage. Those without coverage tend to work in the informal economy, and are disproportionately found in the developing world. Too many of the debates around social provision have argued in �e...

Company Codes of Conduct and International Standards: An Analytical Comparison(2004). World Bank,. During the past few years, corporate leaders have recognized that the success of their brands is tied to whether their business is conducted in a manner acceptable to those affected by it. In an effort to respond to the growing number of social and environmental concerns and to protect their brands,...

Philippines: agrarian reform infrastructure support project - making agrarian reform work(2004). World Bank,. The majority of the Filipinos who live in the countryside are poor. Poverty and oppression brought about by inequality in land tenure relationships and lack of state support for agriculture has led to rural unrest and mass migration to urban centers. Agrarian reform has been seen as a key state inte...